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1.
Genet Med ; 23(9): 1624-1635, 2021 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34040189

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The human chromosome 19q13.11 deletion syndrome is associated with a variable phenotype that includes aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) and ectrodactyly as specific features. UBA2 (ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 2) lies adjacent to the minimal deletion overlap region. We aimed to define the UBA2-related phenotypic spectrum in humans and zebrafish due to sequence variants and to establish the mechanism of disease. METHODS: Exome sequencing was used to detect UBA2 sequence variants in 16 subjects in 7 unrelated families. uba2 loss of function was modeled in zebrafish. Effects of human missense variants were assessed in zebrafish rescue experiments. RESULTS: Seven human UBA2 loss-of-function and missense sequence variants were detected. UBA2-phenotypes included ACC, ectrodactyly, neurodevelopmental abnormalities, ectodermal, skeletal, craniofacial, cardiac, renal, and genital anomalies. uba2 was expressed in zebrafish eye, brain, and pectoral fins; uba2-null fish showed deficient growth, microcephaly, microphthalmia, mandibular hypoplasia, and abnormal fins. uba2-mRNAs with human missense variants failed to rescue nullizygous zebrafish phenotypes. CONCLUSION: UBA2 variants cause a recognizable syndrome with a wide phenotypic spectrum. Our data suggest that loss of UBA2 function underlies the human UBA2 monogenic disorder and highlights the importance of SUMOylation in the development of affected tissues.


Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas , Displasia Ectodérmica , Deformidades Congênitas dos Membros , Animais , Displasia Ectodérmica/genética , Humanos , Deformidades Congênitas dos Membros/genética , Enzimas Ativadoras de Ubiquitina , Peixe-Zebra/genética
2.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(5): 505-508, oct. 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1054972

RESUMO

El síndrome WAGR (tumor de Wilms, aniridia, anomalías genitourinarias y retraso mental) es un trastorno genético infrecuente debido a la deleción de la región 11p13, que contiene los genes WT1 y PAX6. Comprende una combinación distintiva de afecciones clínicas; la aniridia y el tumor de Wilms son las más notables. Se presenta a un lactante de 17 meses con microcefalia, alteraciones oculares (buftalmos, leucocoria, aniridia bilateral), hipoplasia escrotal, testículos en la región inguinal y retraso en el neurodesarrollo, a quien se le realizó el estudio de amplificación de sondas dependiente de ligandos múltiples para WT1, que mostró haploinsuficiencia en las sondas que hibridaban la región 11p13, compatible con una deleción en heterocigosis del gen. Posteriormente, se diagnosticó tumor de Wilms. Dada su baja prevalencia, es importante difundir sus características clínicas y hacer énfasis en un manejo interdisciplinario centrado en la identificación precoz del síndrome y de sus posibles complicaciones. .


WAGR syndrome (Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies and mental retardation) is an uncommon genetic disorder due to the deletion of the 11p13 region that contains the WT1 and PAX6 genes. It involves a distinctive combination of clinical conditions, with aniridia and Wilms tumor being the most notable. We present a 17-month-old infant with microcephaly, ocular alterations (buphthalmos, leukocoria, bilateral aniridia), scrotal hypoplasia, undescended testes and neurodevelopmental delay who underwent multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification study for WT1, showing haploinsufficiency in the probes that hybridize to the 11p13 region, compatible with an heterozygous deletion of the gene. Wilms tumor was later diagnosed. WAGR syndrome is infrequent; its report in Latin America is low. It is important to disseminate its clinical characteristics, emphasizing an interdisciplinary management focused on the early identification of both the syndrome and its possible complications.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Síndrome WAGR/genética , Tumor de Wilms , Anormalidades Urogenitais , Aniridia , Síndrome WAGR/metabolismo , Proteínas WT1
3.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 117(5): e505-e508, 2019 10 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31560501

RESUMO

WAGR syndrome (Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies and mental retardation) is an uncommon genetic disorder due to the deletion of the 11p13 region that contains the WT1 and PAX6 genes. It involves a distinctive combination of clinical conditions, with aniridia and Wilms tumor being the most notable. We present a 17-month-old infant with microcephaly, ocular alterations (buphthalmos, leukocoria, bilateral aniridia), scrotal hypoplasia, undescended testes and neurodevelopmental delay who underwent multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification study for WT1, showing haploinsufficiency in the probes that hybridize to the 11p13 region, compatible with an heterozygous deletion of the gene. Wilms tumor was later diagnosed. WAGR syndrome is infrequent; its report in Latin America is low. It is important to disseminate its clinical characteristics, emphasizing an interdisciplinary management focused on the early identification of both the syndrome and its possible complications.


El síndrome WAGR (tumor de Wilms, aniridia, anomalías genitourinarias y retraso mental) es un trastorno genético infrecuente debido a la deleción de la región 11p13, que contiene los genes WT1 y PAX6. Comprende una combinación distintiva de afecciones clínicas; la aniridia y el tumor de Wilms son las más notables. Se presenta a un lactante de 17 meses con microcefalia, alteraciones oculares (buftalmos, leucocoria, aniridia bilateral), hipoplasia escrotal, testículos en la región inguinal y retraso en el neurodesarrollo, a quien se le realizó el estudio de amplificación de sondas dependiente de ligandos múltiples para WT1, que mostró haploinsuficiencia en las sondas que hibridaban la región 11p13, compatible con una deleción en heterocigosis del gen. Posteriormente, se diagnosticó tumor de Wilms. Dada su baja prevalencia, es importante difundir sus características clínicas y hacer énfasis en un manejo interdisciplinario centrado en la identificación precoz del síndrome y de sus posibles complicaciones.


Assuntos
Síndrome WAGR/diagnóstico , Proteínas WT1/genética , Tumor de Wilms/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Deleção Cromossômica , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome WAGR/genética , Síndrome WAGR/fisiopatologia , Tumor de Wilms/genética , Tumor de Wilms/patologia
4.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(1): 52-55, feb. 2019. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-983780

RESUMO

La leucodistrofia metacromática es una enfermedad autosómi-ca recesiva poco común ocasionada por el déficit de la enzima lisosomal arilsulfatasa A, el cual provoca una desmielinización progresiva con manifestaciones neurológicas subsecuentes. Dentro de sus formas de manifestación, la infantil tardía es la de peor pronóstico. La resonancia magnética juega un papel importante en la caracterización de anormalidades subyacentes, lo que permite descartar otras afecciones clínicas y aproximar un diagnóstico, que, posteriormente, es confirmado mediante los análisis moleculares apropiados. Dado el escaso conocimiento de esta enfermedad, sumado a un curso clínico generalmente fatal, se hace fundamental una identificación temprana y precisa con el fin de iniciar un manejo paliativo y asesoría genética. Se presenta a una paciente femenina de 24 meses de edad con historia de retardo psicomotor y hallazgos imagenológicos compatibles con leucodistrofia. Los estudios enzimáticos y moleculares confirmaron el diagnóstico de leu-codistrofia metacromática infantil tardía.


Metachromatic leukodystrophy is an uncommon autosomal recessive disease caused by the deficiency of the arylsulfatase A lysosomal enzyme, which causes a progressive demyelin-ation with subsequent neurological manifestations. Between its manifestation forms, the one presenting in late childhood has the worst prognosis. Magnetic resonance plays an important role in the characterization of underlying abnormalities, which makes it possible to rule out other clinical conditions and approximate a diagnosis that is later confirmed by the appropriate molecular studies. Given the limited knowledge of the condition, coupled with a generally fatal clinical course, an early and accurate identification is fundamental in order to start palliative management and genetic counseling. A 24 months old female patient with psychomotor retardation history and imaging findings compatible with leukodystrophy is presented. Enzymatic and molecular studies confirmed a diagnosis of late childhood metachromatic leukodystrophy.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Pediatria , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Cerebrosídeo Sulfatase , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento , Leucodistrofia Metacromática
5.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 117(1): e52-e55, 2019 02 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30652456

RESUMO

Metachromatic leukodystrophy is an uncommon autosomal recessive disease caused by the deficiency of the arylsulfatase A lysosomal enzyme, which causes a progressive demyelin-ation with subsequent neurological manifestations. Between its manifestation forms, the one presenting in late childhood has the worst prognosis. Magnetic resonance plays an important role in the characterization of underlying abnormalities, which makes it possible to rule out other clinical conditions and approximate a diagnosis that is later confirmed by the appropriate molecular studies. Given the limited knowledge of the condition, coupled with a generally fatal clinical course, an early and accurate identification is fundamental in order to start palliative management and genetic counseling. A 24 months old female patient with psychomotor retardation history and imaging findings compatible with leukodystrophy is presented. Enzymatic and molecular studies confirmed a diagnosis of late childhood metachromatic leukodystrophy.


La leucodistrofia metacromática es una enfermedad autosómi-ca recesiva poco común ocasionada por el déficit de la enzima lisosomal arilsulfatasa A, el cual provoca una desmielinización progresiva con manifestaciones neurológicas subsecuentes. Dentro de sus formas de manifestación, la infantil tardía es la de peor pronóstico. La resonancia magnética juega un papel importante en la caracterización de anormalidades subyacentes, lo que permite descartar otras afecciones clínicas y aproximar un diagnóstico, que, posteriormente, es confirmado mediante los análisis moleculares apropiados. Dado el escaso conocimiento de esta enfermedad, sumado a un curso clínico generalmente fatal, se hace fundamental una identificación temprana y precisa con el fin de iniciar un manejo paliativo y asesoría genética. Se presenta a una paciente femenina de 24 meses de edad con historia de retardo psicomotor y hallazgos imagenológicos compatibles con leucodistrofia. Los estudios enzimáticos y moleculares confirmaron el diagnóstico de leu-codistrofia metacromática infantil tardía.


Assuntos
Leucodistrofia Metacromática/diagnóstico , Fatores Etários , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos
6.
Travel Med Infect Dis ; 23: 14-20, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29471046

RESUMO

The multiple, wide and diverse etiologies of congenital microcephaly are complex and multifactorial. Recent advances in genetic testing have improved understanding of novel genetic causes of congenital microcephaly. The recent Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in Latin America has highlighted the need for a better understanding of the underlying pathological mechanisms of microcephaly including both infectious and non-infectious causes. The diagnostic approach to microcephaly needs to include potential infectious and genetic etiologies, as well as environmental in-utero exposures such as alcohol, toxins, and medications. Emerging genetic alterations linked to microcephaly include abnormal mitotic microtubule spindle structure and abnormal function of centrosomes. We discuss the diagnostic challenge of congenital microcephaly in the context of understanding the links with ZIKV emergence as a new etiological factor involved in this birth defect.


Assuntos
Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Microcefalia/etiologia , Infecção por Zika virus/congênito , Infecção por Zika virus/complicações , Epidemias , Feminino , Humanos , América Latina , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , Zika virus , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologia
7.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 115(3): 170-174, jun. 2017. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-887330

RESUMO

El síndrome de Cornelia de Lange es una enfermedad genética caracterizada por rasgos faciales distintivos, falla de medro, microcefalia y varias malformaciones asociadas. Sus principales alteraciones endocrinológicas son las anomalías genitales. Se presenta un adolescente de 13 años, tratado por neumonía aspirativa complicada y que presentaba el fenotipo del síndrome de Cornelia de Lange, que incluía retraso global del desarrollo, trastorno de succión-deglución, talla baja y alteración del desarrollo sexual. Su edad ósea era muy retrasada, por lo que se realizó un estudio endocrinológico completo. Se le diagnosticaron hipotiroidismo central, deficiencia de la hormona de crecimiento y deficiencia de hormona luteotrópica y folículoestimulante, compatibles con el diagnóstico de deficiencias hormonales pituitáricas múltiples. Tuvo cortisol basal, hormona adrenocorticotrópica y prolactina normales. Recibió suplencia hormonal tiroidea. Es inusual la asociación de este síndrome con deficiencias hormonales pituitáricas múltiples. Se sugiere la evaluación de los distintos ejes endócrinos en estos pacientes.


Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a genetic disease characterized by distinctive facial features, failure to thrive, microcephaly and several malformations associated. Its main endocrinological features are anomalies of the genitalia. We present a 13-year-old boy, who suffered from complicated aspiration pneumonia and showed Cornelia de Lange syndrome phenotype, with global developmental delay, suction-swallowing abnormalities, short stature and abnormal genitalia associated. His bone age was delayed, so he underwent full endocrinological panel. Central hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency and low luteinizing hormone-follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed and multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies diagnosis was made. Basal cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone and prolactin levels were normal. He received thyroid hormonal substitution. Multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies are an unusual feature of De Lange syndrome. We suggest evaluating all different endocrine axes in these patients.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Síndrome de Cornélia de Lange/complicações , Síndrome de Cornélia de Lange/diagnóstico , Hipopituitarismo/complicações , Hipopituitarismo/diagnóstico , Fenótipo
8.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 115(3): e170-e174, 2017 06 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28504504

RESUMO

Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a genetic disease characterized by distinctive facial features, failure to thrive, microcephaly and several malformations associated. Its main endocrinological features are anomalies of the genitalia. We present a 13-year-old boy, who suffered from complicated aspiration pneumonia and showed Cornelia de Lange syndrome phenotype, with global developmental delay, suction-swallowing abnormalities, short stature and abnormal genitalia associated. His bone age was delayed, so he underwent full endocrinological panel. Central hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency and low luteinizing hormone-follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed and multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies diagnosis was made. Basal cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone and prolactin levels were normal. He received thyroid hormonal substitution. Multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies are an unusual feature of De Lange syndrome. We suggest evaluating all different endocrine axes in these patients.


El síndrome de Cornelia de Lange es una enfermedad genética caracterizada por rasgos faciales distintivos, falla de medro, microcefalia y varias malformaciones asociadas. Sus principales alteraciones endocrinológicas son las anomalías genitales. Se presenta un adolescente de 13 años, tratado por neumonía aspirativa complicada y que presentaba el fenotipo del síndrome de Cornelia de Lange, que incluía retraso global del desarrollo, trastorno de succión-deglución, talla baja y alteración del desarrollo sexual. Su edad ósea era muy retrasada, por lo que se realizó un estudio endocrinológico completo. Se le diagnosticaron hipotiroidismo central, deficiencia de la hormona de crecimiento y deficiencia de hormona luteotrópica y folículoestimulante, compatibles con el diagnóstico de deficiencias hormonales pituitáricas múltiples. Tuvo cortisol basal, hormona adrenocorticotrópica y prolactina normales. Recibió suplencia hormonal tiroidea. Es inusual la asociación de este síndrome con deficiencias hormonales pituitáricas múltiples. Se sugiere la evaluación de los distintos ejes endócrinos en estos pacientes.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Cornélia de Lange/complicações , Hipopituitarismo/complicações , Adolescente , Síndrome de Cornélia de Lange/diagnóstico , Humanos , Hipopituitarismo/diagnóstico , Masculino , Fenótipo
9.
Rev Neurol ; 61(2): 71-4, 2015 Jul 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26156442

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Aicardi syndrome (OMIM 304050) was first described in 1965. Its classic triad consists of infantile spasms, partial or total agenesis of the corpus callosum and ocular disorders, such as chorioretinal lacunae. It has been posited that it is due to a mechanism involving X-linked dominant inheritance. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a full-term female, with no pathological familial history or parental consanguinity, with a prenatal diagnosis of Dandy-Walker type malformation, who presented convulsions, coloboma of the optic nerve, thoracic vertebral block with presence of scoliosis, transfontanellar ultrasound imaging showing agenesis of the corpus callosum and karyotype 46,XX. She was diagnosed with Aicardi syndrome and died at the age of one and a half months. The autopsy revealed supratentorial hydrocephalus with the presence of choroid plexus papilloma, a cyst in the posterior fossa (fourth ventricle), hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, agenesis of the left hemisphere of the corpus callosum and cerebellum, characteristic facial features of the syndrome, ogival palate, pectus excavatum, scoliosis, paraovarian cyst and hepatomegaly. CONCLUSIONS: Few cases of an association between the pathology and the presence of Dandy-Walker malformation have been described. We report a new case of the association, bearing in mind that the related disorders, mainly agenesis or hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, suggest the existence of an underlying genetic component. A study of the search for the aetiology must be focused on evaluating those genes that are related with neurodevelopment and its activation in the organogenesis stage. The definitive diagnosis establishes the prognosis, management and genetic counselling of the family.


TITLE: Sindrome de Aicardi con malformacion tipo Dandy-Walker.Introduccion. El sindrome de Aicardi (OMIM 304050) fue descrito en 1965. Su triada clasica esta compuesta por espasmos infantiles, agenesia parcial o total del cuerpo calloso y alteraciones oculares, como lagunas coriorretinianas. Se postula un mecanismo de herencia ligado a X dominante. Caso clinico. Niña nacida a termino, sin antecedentes familiares patologicos ni consanguinidad parental, con diagnostico prenatal de malformacion tipo Dandy-Walker, quien presento episodios convulsivos, coloboma del nervio optico, bloque vertebral toracico con presencia de escoliosis, ecografia transfontanelar con agenesia del cuerpo calloso y cariotipo 46,XX. Se diagnostico de sindrome de Aicardi y fallecio con mes y medio de edad. En la autopsia se evidencio hidrocefalia supratentorial con presencia de papiloma de los plexos coroideos, quiste en la fosa posterior (cuarto ventriculo), hipoplasia del vermis cerebeloso, agenesia del hemisferio del cuerpo calloso y cerebeloso izquierdo, rasgos faciales caracteristicos del sindrome, paladar ojival, pectus excavatum, escoliosis, quiste paraovarico y hepatomegalia. Conclusiones. Pocos casos han descrito la asociacion de la patologia y la presencia de malformacion de Dandy-Walker. Se comunica un nuevo caso con esta asociacion, teniendo en cuenta que las alteraciones relacionadas, principalmente agenesia o hipoplasia del cuerpo calloso, sugieren que tiene un componente genetico de base. El estudio de busqueda de la etiologia de centrarse en evaluar aquellos genes que tengan relacion con el neurodesarrollo y su activacion en la etapa de organogenia. El diagnostico definitivo establece el pronostico, manejo y asesoria genetica a la familia.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Aicardi/complicações , Síndrome de Dandy-Walker/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente
10.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 61(2): 71-74, 16 jul., 2015. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-141838

RESUMO

Introducción. El síndrome de Aicardi (OMIM 304050) fue descrito en 1965. Su tríada clásica está compuesta por espasmos infantiles, agenesia parcial o total del cuerpo calloso y alteraciones oculares, como lagunas coriorretinianas. Se postula un mecanismo de herencia ligado a X dominante. Caso clínico. Niña nacida a término, sin antecedentes familiares patológicos ni consanguinidad parental, con diagnóstico prenatal de malformación tipo Dandy-Walker, quien presentó episodios convulsivos, coloboma del nervio óptico, bloque vertebral torácico con presencia de escoliosis, ecografía transfontanelar con agenesia del cuerpo calloso y cariotipo 46,XX. Se diagnosticó de síndrome de Aicardi y falleció con mes y medio de edad. En la autopsia se evidenció hidrocefalia supratentorial con presencia de papiloma de los plexos coroideos, quiste en la fosa posterior (cuarto ventrículo), hipoplasia del vermis cerebeloso, agenesia del hemisferio del cuerpo calloso y cerebeloso izquierdo, rasgos faciales característicos del síndrome, paladar ojival, pectus excavatum, escoliosis, quiste paraovárico y hepatomegalia. Conclusiones. Pocos casos han descrito la asociación de la patología y la presencia de malformación de Dandy-Walker. Se comunica un nuevo caso con esta asociación, teniendo en cuenta que las alteraciones relacionadas, principalmente agenesia o hipoplasia del cuerpo calloso, sugieren que tiene un componente genético de base. El estudio de búsqueda de la etiología de centrarse en evaluar aquellos genes que tengan relación con el neurodesarrollo y su activación en la etapa de organogenia. El diagnóstico definitivo establece el pronóstico, manejo y asesoría genética a la familia (AU)


Introduction. Aicardi syndrome (OMIM 304050) was first described in 1965. Its classic triad consists of infantile spasms, partial or total agenesis of the corpus callosum and ocular disorders, such as chorioretinal lacunae. It has been posited that it is due to a mechanism involving X-linked dominant inheritance. Case report. We report the case of a full-term female, with no pathological familial history or parental consanguinity, with a prenatal diagnosis of Dandy-Walker type malformation, who presented convulsions, coloboma of the optic nerve, thoracic vertebral block with presence of scoliosis, transfontanellar ultrasound imaging showing agenesis of the corpus callosum and karyotype 46,XX. She was diagnosed with Aicardi syndrome and died at the age of one and a half months. The autopsy revealed supratentorial hydrocephalus with the presence of choroid plexus papilloma, a cyst in the posterior fossa (fourth ventricle), hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, agenesis of the left hemisphere of the corpus callosum and cerebellum, characteristic facial features of the syndrome, ogival palate, pectus excavatum, scoliosis, paraovarian cyst and hepatomegaly. Conclusions. Few cases of an association between the pathology and the presence of Dandy-Walker malformation have been described. We report a new case of the association, bearing in mind that the related disorders, mainly agenesis or hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, suggest the existence of an underlying genetic component. A study of the search for the aetiology must be focused on evaluating those genes that are related with neurodevelopment and its activation in the organogenesis stage. The definitive diagnosis establishes the prognosis, management and genetic counselling of the family (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Síndrome de Aicardi/genética , Síndrome de Aicardi/patologia , Síndrome de Dandy-Walker/genética , Síndrome de Dandy-Walker/fisiopatologia , Agenesia do Corpo Caloso/genética , Nervo Óptico/anormalidades , Hidrocefalia/congênito , Síndrome de Aicardi/complicações , Síndrome de Aicardi/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Dandy-Walker/embriologia , Síndrome de Dandy-Walker/metabolismo , Agenesia do Corpo Caloso/mortalidade , Nervo Óptico/patologia , Hidrocefalia/genética
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